Osicllating elements in parametron devices

ABSTRACT

This invention is an oscillating element in a parametron device characterized by winding an oscillating coil on a ferromagnetic film formed on the surface of a core and oscillating the coil by utilizing the stray capacity or stray inductance of said oscillating coil.

United States Patent 1 1 3,553,476

[721 Inventors Yu Hata; [56] References Cited Hiroki Fujishima, Tokyo, Japan UNITED STATES PATENTS P 1967 2,998,840 9/1961 Davis 161/145 [221 PM d *1971 3,080,549 3/1963 10166115.... 340/174 [451 g' in C d 926,934 7/1909 De Forest 336/69 [731 Ass'gm T J e 1,816,448 7/1931 Terman... 336/224 U 2,277,775 3/1942 Mueller... 336/69 g" 2,287,170 6/1942 Ganz 336/69 Pmmy fig 3,399,309 8/1968 Bartik mu. 307/88 2,988,638 6/1961 Knausenberger... 334/66 [311 41/530" 3,275,839 9/1966 Bartik 307/88 3,381,138 4/1968 Oshimaetal. 307/88 OTHER REFERENCES International Dictionary of Physics & Electronics, p. 176, Second Edition, D. Van Nostrand Inc. 1961 [54] OSICLLATING ELEMENTS IN PARAMETRON DEVICES I Primary Exammer-James W. Moffitt 1 Claim, 23 Drawing Figs, Attorney-Wolfe, Hubbard, Leyd1g, Voit and Osann 340/174 ABSTRACT: This invention is an oscillating element in a [51] lnt.Cl H03k parametron device characterized by winding an oscillating 19/162, l-l03k 19/ 168 coil on a ferromagnetic film formed on the surface of a core [50] Field of Search 307/88P; and oscillating the coil by utilizing the stray capacity or stray inductance of said oscillating coil.

.PATENTEB JAN 5187! SHEET 2 OF 3 INVENTORS Yu HATA BY Hmoxe FUJBSHIMA ,VQLNGM Ar'rvs.

OSICLLATING ELEMENTS IN PARAMETRON DEVICES This invention relates to oscillating elements in parametron devices.

A parametron device is a device made by winding a primary coil and a secondary coil on a toridal magnetic core having a nonlinear characteristic so that there may be utilized a phenomenon that, when an exciting current is made to flow through the primary coil, a subharmonic oscillating current will be generated in a tuning circuit formed together with the secondary coil by a parameter exciting action. A toridal magnetic core on which are wound a primary coil and a secondary coil has been conventionally used as an oscillating element. There has also been used an oscillating element made by forming a ferromagnetic film on the surface of a conductor, applying a circumferentially wound secondary coil along the axial direction on the surface of said ferromagnetic film and connecting a condenser in parallel with the secondary coil. However, the construction of such an oscillating element requires winding the secondary coil on the ferromagnetic film and connecting the condenser to each end of the coil. The present invention provides an oscillating element in which the structure of the secondary coil is simplified by utilizing the stray capacity or stray inductance of the coil.

A principal object of the present invention is to-provide an oscillating coil of a simple construction.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an oscillating element in which the magnetic flux distribution in the ferromagnetic film can be made uniform and the input and output construction can be simplified by varying the manner of winding the oscillating coil.

A further object of the present invention is to provide an oscillating element of favorable electric characteristic without requiring precision in its construction.

FIG. 1 shows an oscillating element embodying the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows an equivalent circuit.

In FIG. 3, A is a sectioned view of the structure of a conven tional stray capacity parametron winding, B is its equivalent circuit and C is its magnetic flux distribution diagram.

In FIG. 4, A shows a conventional multilayer wound stray capacity parametron, B is its equivalent circuit and C shows its magnetic flux distribution.

In FIG. 5, A shows a winding manner according to the present invention, B is its equivalent circuit and C shows its magnetic flux distribution.

In FIG. 6, A shows another winding structure according to the present invention, B is its equivalent circuit and C shows its magnetic flux distribution.

In FIG. 7 showing another embodiment, A shows a winding structure, B is its equivalent circuit and C shows its magnetic flux distribution.

FIG. 8 shows another embodiment of a parametron oscillating coil utilizing a stray inductance.

FIG. 9 shows its equivalent circuit.

FIG. 10 shows an embodiment of a shunt parametron oscillating element.

FIGS. 11 A, B, and C show another embodiment of the same.

In FIG. I, l is a ferromagnetic film and 2 is a core body which can be, for example, a permalloy wire, 3 is an oscillating coil wound on said ferromagnetic film. In such case, the oscillating coil 3 may be left as cut at both ends and need not be connected to a condenser. 4 is a circuit for applying an exciting current.

FIG. 2 shows an equivalent circuit of the oscillating coil in FIG. 1. 5 is a stray capacity of the oscillating coil. Therefore, in case the frequency of the oscillating current flowing through the oscillating coil is high, a circuit L-C will be formed of a negative inductance produced by the coil L wound on the ferromagnetic film with excitation and a stray capacity C produced between the wires of the coil and an oscillating current will flow through the circuit.

In a parametron in which is utilized a stray capacity by a parallel close winding, an oscillating circuit is formed of a distributed capacity of the lower layer and upper layer and a negative inductance generated by the ferromagnetic material and the winding from the winding starting end to the turning end at the terminal. The terminal at which the winding shifts from the lower layer to the upper layer is shorted, the winding starting end is an open end and therefore naturally a sine wave voltage of a one-fourth wavelength is distributed with the open end a web and the shorted end a node. I

When successive layers of windings are overlapped, the turning points will become nodes, the open ends will become webs and therefore, at both ends, voltages will be superimposed symmetrically in the order of the web node web node web node However, as the coupling coefficient to each successive layer decreases, the voltage level of the web will also reduce. Therefore, though the wave forms of the superimposed voltages distributed at both ends are sine waves, sine waves of voltage waves deviated from the center of the winding will be distributed. For example, in case copper printed laminations are overlapped and the element is made to perform input and output operations over both printed boards, the wave forms of the voltages distributed on the element will not be symmetrical with the center as a basic point and therefore there will be an inconvenience that the printed board can not be placed in a position at equal distances from both ends. As a method of improving it, it is effective to place a shorting ring in a position of correcting the wave form on the element or to arrange a ferromagnetic material near such position. However, in either method, the precision of the dimensions will be required and the number of parts will be required.

In FIG. 3, A shows a winding made closely parallelly in two layers by the method shown in FIG. 1. It is of the equivalent circuit shown in B showing that distributed capacities are present between the first and second layers. The voltage wave forms distributed on e (voltage) 1 (length of one element) in C will be N4 of 1. As the output wave form is different depending on the place, if the output is determined at one point, it will be necessary to take out the outputs of all the other elements also in the place ofthe same output.

In FIG. 4, A shows a sectioned view of a parallel close multilayer winding and B is its equivalent circuit. The e (voltage) 1 (length of one element) curves in C are superimposed while the levels fall as in e,, 6 e e e and e,,, from the lower layer so as to be such resultant wave form as is shown by e No voltage is generated in the part of the node. The curve is asymmetrical and is not a uniform slope to both ends from the center position.

In FIG. 5, A is a view of an embodiment of the present invention wherein the coil is wound in four layers, B is an equivalent circuit and C is the voltage distribution wave form. As a result of this winding, a new wave form e will be added so as to contribute to the corrected wave form e and the whole will be made substantially uniform.

FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the present invention. A is a sectioned view of the winding. For example, in case the winding starts from the left, when the first layer reaches a fixed number, it will be turned. The second layer is turned from the point at which the same voltage as at the left end is obtained. If the third and fourth layers are then wound in the same manner, the equivalent circuit shows in B will be obtained and the symmetrical wave form e shown in C will be also obtained.

Utilizing such winding method, it is very simple to make the voltage wave form distribution substantially uniform or to obtain a wave form symmetrical to both ends from the center point of the element.

FIG. 7 shows another embodiment. If the coil is wound by varying the pitch of the winding, it will be possible to vary the distributed wave form. For example, in the 3-layer winding of FIG. 7A, the pitch at the beginning of the first layer is ex panded, the second layer is wound uniformly and the pitch is expanded again toward the end of the third layer. The

equivalent circuit in B is thus obtained. The voltage distribution wave form will be made as in C wherein e is a voltage distribution curve between the first and second layers, e is a voltage distribution curve between'the second and third layers ande is a resultant of them and flat characteristics will be obtained.

In the above mentioned two examples, as the stray capacity existing between the oscillating coils is utilized, a winding of many tums is required. But, in the following embodiment is shown an oscillating coil in which astray inductance is utilized.

FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of an oscillating coil utilizing a stray inductance. 6, 6, 8 and 8 are metal foils used for condensers. The foils holding respective insulating plates 7, 7, 9

and 9' between them are wound in band-shaped spiral layers.

The foils 6 and 8 are electrically connected with each other through a lead wire 10 which may be a return line for the current. A ferromagnetic film conductor 11 is passed through the coil so that, when an exciting current is made to flow through the conductor, an oscillating current may flow through the oscillating coil. The oscillation mechanism in such case will mechanize an oscillating circuit consisting of the capacity between the 6, 6 and 8, 8' and a self-inductance distributed to the ferromagnetic core existing in the center of the bandshaped spiral and the respective metal plates.

I FIG. 9 is an equivalent circuit showing that self-inductances L and L exist on the metal plates 6, 6' and 8, 8, respectively, and that .a capacity C exists between the plates. This structure, as outlined above, allows that, when the input or output is fed in or out with the printed spiral coil, no connecting place with the outside circuit will be required at all. Further, the length of the element is as large as the width of the metal foil. By varying this width and the length or the area of the plate, the capacity between the electrodes and the self-inductance can be easily varied so as to be tuned with any desired frequency. Such a device may be fabricated in exactly the same manner as conventional condensers, and is best adapted to the mass-production techniques.

Another advantage is that the capacity between the plates can be so easily made large that a design to such low frequency band as of several hundred kc./s., as compared with a parametron using a capacity between the wires of the winding, is possible. For example, in the case of a winding type parametron, if a printed lamination is used, the magnetic flux density will not be uniform in the axial direction of the winding width, therefore the output will be different depending on the relative position of the printed output spiral coil and, in order to make each element of a uniform input and output, it will be necessary that the relative positions of the printed board and element should be always fixed in precise dimension for all the elements. However, according to the present invention, it is a further advantage that the magnetic flux density is so uniform in the width of the metal foil that such precision is not required. As band-shaped metal plates for the oscillating parts of the elements can be mass-produced with machines, uniform elements can be simply obtained.

The following embodiment relates to a divided wound stray capacity oscillating element in which one element of a parametron is divided into at least two parts so that the construction of the logical circuit of the parametron may be easy and the electric characteristics may be favorable.

Copper printed boards are recently generally used. If such printed board is adopted for a parametron, the formation of the-circuit will be easy and specifically it will be convenient for the formation of a circuit using a stray capacity parametron.

However, in the case of piling up several printed boards. in electrically connecting the respective printed boards lead wires are used for the wiring or one element of the parametron is set in a correct position over the adjacent printed board so that information may be received or given. In the former, as the lead wires are connected, there will be troubles due to faulty connection or wrong wiring. ln most cases, the latter is adopted to make noncontact connection. The difficult in the case of working the latter 1s that, as the relative posi ions of the input and output coils of the printed board and the oscillating coil are all fixed, a uniform coupling attenuation will be obtained and that therefore all the distances of the surfaces facing the printed board should be equal and the relative positions of the printed board and the elements should be all correctly kept. ln this embodiment, there can be obtained a parametron oscillating coil structure in which such structural precision as is mentioned above is not required and the electric characteristics are favorable.

In FIG. 10, A and A are divided parametrons obtained by dividing one element parametron. 2 and 2' are conductor core wires. 1 and 1' are ferromagnetic films on the outer peripheries of said conductor core wires 2 and 2', respectively. 11 and 11' are bobbins. Oscillating coils 12 and 12 are wound on the above mentionedbobbins 11 and 11', respectively.

The manner of winding the oscillating coils l2 and 12 shall be explained. First of all, the wire to be wound is wound by a fixed number of turns on the bobbin 11 of the divided parametron A. The wire at the end of the winding is wound by a fixed number of rounds on the bobbin ll of the divided parametron A. It is then turned and is wound on the bobbin 11'. After a fixed number of turns is reached, it is wound on the previously wound layer on the bobbin 11 of the above mentioned divided parametron A. in the samemanner, the wire is wound to be piled up on the bobbins 11 and 11 alternately until it forms the required number of layers.

In FIG. 11, A, B and C show other embodiments of divided parametrons made by winding wires as mentioned above.

These embodiments have such effects as are mentioned below:

1. The oscillating coil can be set in any position of the printed board.

2. Any part of the parametron can be set in any step of the printed board.

3. In piling up several sets of printed boards in a conventional product, it has been necessary to correctly keep the distances between the respective positions but, in the present invention, it is not necessary.

4. The positions of the output and input coils of a part of each parametron can be arranged.

5. If a part of each parametron and a part of the other are combined in a logical circuit and are set on the same axis, a circuit will be able to be formed without any other wiring.

We claim:

1. An oscillating element in a parametron device comprising a ferromagnetic film formed on the surface of a conductor core, a plurality of band-shaped metal foils separated from each other by band-shaped insulators and wrapped in layers on said ferromagnetic film, and means for connecting the beginning of one of said wound metal foils to the end of an adjacent foil, said foils being effective to form a capacitance-inductance distribution such that an excitation of said core results in a parametron voltage distribution which is substantially uniform across the width of said sound metal foils in the axial direction of said core. 

1. An oscillating element in a parametron device comprising a ferromagnetic film formed on the surface of a conductor core, a plurality of band-shaped metal foils separated from each other by band-shaped insulators and wrapped in layers on said ferromagnetic film, and means for connecting the beginning of one of said wound metal foils to the end of an adjacent foil, said foils being effective to form a capacitance-inductance distribution such that an excitation of said core results in a parametron voltage distribution which is substantially uniform across the width of said sound metal foils in the axial direction of said core. 